The long forgotten fields5/4/2023 Ultimately, decisions in research need to be made in a deliberate and transparent manner as the consequences affect everyone involved in the research. The vignettes revealed several themes for effective partnerships and a messy bundle of ethical tensions related to researcher integrity. The paper features vignettes from the coauthors that center on the ways in which historically oppressed communities and researchers have built collaborative relationships that involve a degree of trust while navigating power differentials. ![]() ![]() The purposes of this paper were (1) to characterize strategies to build trust and collaborative relationships with historically oppressed populations, and (2) to identify ethical tensions that arise. Leisure researchers once aspired to be objective and to remain detached from their participants, but developments in grounded and participatory epistemologies have enabled the development of various kinds of relationships between researchers and study participants. Research methods to access and engage historically oppressed communities have evolved dramatically. It concludes with a discussion on the rapidly transforming demographics of multiethnic Britain and the implications that this will have for amateur football. Second, it examines the rise of identity politics and shifting political approaches to multiculturalism, and discusses how these have impacted on the identities and membership of minority ethnic clubs. First, the analysis traces key phases and occurrences in the development of clubs, leagues and federations, and demonstrates how the rationale for/implications of these changes can only be fully comprehended if contextualized within the racial politics – both parliamentary and popular – of these respective time periods. The remainder of the essay examines the experiences of minority ethnic football clubs in post‐war England. ![]() The essay critiques dominant football histories and contends that, due to their failure to centralize the issues and problems facing minority ethnic players and teams (as well as those of other oppressed groups), the processes through which the game is reported, represented and documented reproduce the racism and white privilege intrinsic to the sport itself. It argues that, from their early development to the present day, they have been far more than simply sites of recreation and leisure, for they have taken on vital social functions in terms of fighting racism, forging cultural resistance and integrating the wider community. This essay provides a socio‐historical analysis of British Asian and black men’s amateur football clubs in England.
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